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Bachelor of Science
A Bachelor of Science (Latin, Baccalaureus Scientiae) (B.S., BS, B.Sc., BSc or Bc.; less commonly, S.B., SB, or Sc.B. from the Latin ''ラテン語:Scientiæ Baccalaureus''〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.harvard.edu/degree-abbreviations )〕) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for completed courses that generally last three to five years.
Whether a student of a particular subject is awarded a Bachelor of Science degree or a Bachelor of Arts degree can vary between universities. For example, an economics degree may be given as a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) by one university but as a B.Sc. by another, and some universities offer the choice of either.〔E.g., West Virginia University BS in Economics http://www.be.wvu.edu/econ/index.htm ; WVU BA in economics http://majors.wvu.edu/home/details/26〕 Some liberal arts colleges in the United States offer only the BA, even in the natural sciences,〔E.g., Wesleyan University http://www.wesleyan.edu/registrar/academic_regulations/degree_requirements.html〕 while some universities offer only the BS even in non-science fields.〔E.g., Georgia Institute of Technology's BS degrees in International Affairs and Modern Language and in Applied Languages and Intercultural studies http://www.gatech.edu/academics/bachelors-degree-programs〕 Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service awards Bachelor of Science in Foreign Service degrees to all of its undergraduates, although many major in humanities-oriented fields such as international history and culture and politics. The London School of Economics offers B.Sc. degrees in practically all subject areas, even those normally associated with arts degrees, while the Oxbridge universities almost exclusively award arts qualifications. In both instances, there are historical and traditional reasons. Northwestern University's School of Communication grants B.Sc. degrees in all of its programs of study, including theater, dance, and radio/television/film. University of California, Berkeley grants B.S. degree in Environmental Economics and Policy in College of Natural Resources (CNR), and B.A. degree in Environmental Economics and Policy in College of Letters and Science (L&S).
The first university to admit a student to the degree of Bachelor of Science was the University of London in 1860. Prior to this, science subjects were included in the B.A. bracket, notably in the cases of mathematics, physics, physiology and botany.〔page xiii of The University of London and the World of Learning, 1836–1986 By Francis Michael Longstreth Thompson Published by Continuum International Publishing Group, 1990 ISBN 9781852850326〕
==International differences==
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